Ana içeriğe atla

History of Industrial/Organizational Psychology in Turkey


The development of the industrial/organizational psychology in Turkey may be traced to 1950's, which saw the publication of books and articles in the field. For example, Sherif (see above) directed dissertations in which Terman-Merril Army Beta tests were standardized (Acar & Sahin, 1990). Intelligence tests were used for selection of candidates to be sent to the U. S. for higher education (Vassaf, 1987). Also, during this period, lectures in industrial psychology were beginning to be offered at Turkish universities.
The beginning of 1960's was the time when some foreign-Turkish joint projects were initiated. An example of these joint projects is the Psychotechniques Laboratory established by French and Turkish State transportation companies, one in Istanbul for the study of city bus drivers and the other in Ankara for the selection of railroad operators and personnel responsible for signalization systems. In the laboratory at Ankara, the staff consisted of a group of psychologists developing recruitment, assessment and selection systems. A third joint laboratory was established in a state owned textile factory for the measurement especially of manual and finger dexterity (Kepir, 1983). The Turkish Military Academy also developed a laboratory to be used mainly for the selection of pilots for the Air Force. The psychologists among the staff used psychomotor ability tests, attention measures, and personality inventories (16PF) for assessment purposes. Lectures in psychology, education and measurement techniques were also offered in the Military Academy.
In 1970's and early 80's only few psychology departments in Turkish universities offered I/O psychology courses. Today, I/O psychology classes are offered and research is conducted primarily at three universities in Ankara (Hacettepe University, Middle Eastern Technical University, and Ankara University), four universities in Istanbul (Bosphorous, Marmara, Istanbul and Mimar Sinan Universities), and two universities in Izmir (Ege and Dokuz Eylul). Unfortunately, the number of Turkish I/O psychologists with doctoral degrees is less than 10 (4 at universities in Istanbul and 3 at universities in Ankara). The main reason for this is that most psychology departments have shied away from starting I/O psychology programs due to lack of sufficient number of academicians in the field.
However, in early 80's "Behavioral Sciences" graduate programs were started at Colleges of Business Administration often without any I/O psychologists among the faculty. Some of these graduate programs now include I/O psychologists among their faculty. A good example is, the Organizational Behavior masters and doctoral degree program offered at Marmara University of Istanbul, where the majority of the faculty are social psychologists and I/O psychologists. Meanwhile, two years ago, Istanbul University Psychology Department started to offer masters and doctoral programs in I/O psychology. To date, it is the only psychology department to offer an advanced I/O psychology degree in Turkey.

REFERENCE
http://www.siop.org/tip/backissues/tipapr96/sinangil.aspx

Yorumlar

Yorum Gönder

Bu blogdaki popüler yayınlar

Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is a motivational theory in psychology comprising a five tier model of human needs, often depicted as hierarchical levels within a pyramid. Maslow (1943, 1954) stated that people are motivated to achieve certain needs and that some needs take precedence over others. Our most basic need is for physical survival, and this will be the first thing that motivates our behavior. Once that level is fulfilled the next level up is what motivates us, and so on. This five-stage model can be divided into deficiency needs and growth needs. The first four levels are often referred to as deficiency needs ( D-needs ), and the top level is known as growth or being needs ( B-needs ). Deficiency needs arise due to deprivation and are said to motivate people when they are unmet. Also, the motivation to fulfill such needs will become stronger the longer the duration they are denied. For example, the longer a person goes without food, the more hungry they will beco...
Yorum Gönder
Devamı

Looking Leadership in the Face

Is there such a thing as simply looking like a leader? A large body of research suggests yes. In a recent article published in  Current Directions in Psychological Science , John Antonakis (University of Lausanne) and Dawn L. Eubanks (University of Warwick) provide an overview of several studies suggesting that getting to the top of the corporate ladder may depend, at least in part, on the structure of a person’s face. “Given what we know about the predictors of leaders’ ability, facial appearance should play a small or a very limited role in observers’ selection of leaders; however, research convincingly shows otherwise,” Antonakis and Eubanks write. When judging candidates for a leadership position, selectors need accurate information on the competence and trustworthiness of the individuals concerned, the researchers explain. Ideally, company board members choosing a CEO or voters choosing a politician will rely on accurate cues of these characteristics to make their...
Yorum Gönder
Devamı

Future of Industrial/Organizational Psychology in Turkey

Recently, Turkish Psychological Association established an Ethics Committee to assert the ethical principles of professional psychology, including I/O psychology. The committee, consisting of professors from different universities and professional psychologists, started its work by examining the American Psychological Association's code of ethics and started to adapt the code for use in Turkey. The goal is to develop a national code of ethics for psychologists in line with professional standards acceptable in the rest of the world. This committee is already in action in warning psychologists of inappropriate practices which may cause drawbacks to the development of applied psychology in the country. It is already clear that with regards to I/O psychology, other standards will also need to be established. Hopefully, these will eventually include the Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing, Principles for the Validation and Use of Personnel Selection Procedures, and ...
Yorum Gönder
Devamı